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talk about a lot of the science that

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crew members onboard the International

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Space Station are busy with today

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there's a lot of new science experiment

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hardware on its way on board the Cygnus

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vehicle I'm going to learn more about

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that some of it anyway to this morning

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dr. Liz Warren with the International

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Space Station program science office

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joining me thank you absolutely pleasure

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to be here we'd like to talk about

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numbers a lot 5,000 pounds of cargo on

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board that sickness and some 1,600

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pounds of it is science cargo yes what

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does that really entail what is makes up

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that 1,600 pounds well that's roughly a

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third of the pressurized volume of that

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spacecraft is dedicated for science

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utilization a lot of it is resupply for

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some experiments that use what we call

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consumables such materials that are used

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and then later thrown away and a lot of

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it is actually some new experiments that

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are going up well there's talk about a

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few of them there's one human research

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experiment that I've found interesting

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when I talked to Samantha Christopher

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ready about just because of the name of

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it's called drain brain what is what's

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going on here well it's kind of a fun

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name but it's a really interesting

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science investigation as you mentioned

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it's about human research and

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specifically it studies the physiology

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of the cardiovascular system that's why

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she's ultra sounding herself yes so in

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the shot you're seeing right now

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Samantha Christopher Eddie is using an

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ultrasound probe to measure the diameter

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and flow of one of her blood vessels in

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her neck now on earth our cardiovascular

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system our heart pumps heart pumps blood

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up to our brain up to our head and then

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it flows down normally thanks due in

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part to gravity now when an astronaut is

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in space there's no longer any gravity

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to basically help drain the brain so

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there's no longer a gravitational force

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that is pulling that fluid back down it

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does return to the to the heart but

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we're not exactly sure all of the

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mechanisms that are at play we're not

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exactly sure how everything is working

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and we have had some astronauts report

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symptoms such as headaches and some

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other neurological if

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use that lead us to believe this is

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something we want to learn more about

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and so this investigation uses the

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ultrasound and it uses the pulmonary

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function system part of the human

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research facility rack and also a new

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piece of hardware which is called a

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strain gauge plus plasma graph and

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receptors please look correct actually

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it's puff is magraph and what that does

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is it measures very precisely the

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circumference of the astronauts neck and

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it's really based on how much it

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stretches and that will help us

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understand the fluids and how they are

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moving in and out of the head and that

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will hopefully lead us to understand a

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little bit more about venous return to

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the heart help us understand the

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cardiovascular system function in space

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good example of things that we take for

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granted that we can't when you go to

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this environment exactly exactly so this

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will be very interesting there's another

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interesting piece of hardware flying on

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this sickness for an earth and space

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science experiment called meteor tell me

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about that so meteor is the first

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space-based observation of meteorites

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that are entering our Earth's atmosphere

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and you can see a picture there that was

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captured by ron garan during his

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increment and in the middle of the shot

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there's a little streak of light and

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that is actually he happened to get a

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really lucky shot that's a meteorite

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returning and are coming back to earth

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and burning up in the atmosphere now our

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incorrect direct television from here

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and zoom in you'll see that that little

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streak is bigger and you get it looks

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kind of meteor ish and your earth is

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constantly bombarded by bits of debris

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most of it burns up in the atmosphere so

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it's totally harmless and but this is

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the first space-based observation where

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we're going to be able to determine the

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composition the size and the density of

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those meteorites so there's a camera

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that will be mounted in the wharf

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observational rack that's the window

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observational rack in the Destiny module

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that's the window that's looking down to

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earth yes this window faces the earth

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allows the the camera a great access to

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our

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spheres it's a beautifully optically

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clear window and what you're seeing

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right now is actually a practice on the

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ground before it goes of course up to up

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to space of the sickness that camera

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looking through that port down to earth

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correct and so the scientists will be

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able to study the spectrograph which is

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an analysis of the types of light that

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are being emitted by the meteorites as

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they come back through the atmosphere

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and by studying the quality and then in

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the wavelength of the light they will be

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able to determine as I mentioned the

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density and the composition of those

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meteorites for example how much iron or

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magnesium or sodium is in those

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meteorites now what that will give us is

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some insight into where those meteorites

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came from generally during a meteor

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shower we know the origin of meteorites

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entering the atmosphere whether it's

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from a an asteroid or a comet that is

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coming close to Earth and so by

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understanding the composition of those

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meteorites that gives us some insight

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into the composition of the media of the

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parent systems if you will and it can

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help us understand more about the

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universe around us does that have to

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operate all the time because you don't

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always know when meteorites are coming

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exactly so that shot earlier Ron Garan

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just happened to catch a great that was

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lucky shot really but this is going to

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be operating on and off for long

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durations and particularly during known

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meteor showers but also it will be

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operating other times as well may give

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us we may even discover some new meteor

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showers Cygnus is also carrying up more

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than a dozen experiments from students

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of a variety of Ages tell me about this

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student space flight experiment program

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well the student space flight experiment

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program or ssep is a wonderful STEM

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program stem science technology

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engineering and math and as you

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mentioned students from grade for all

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the way through college have an

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opportunity to fly an experiment to the

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International Space Station can you

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imagine having no fear neither can i how

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cool that would have been so this is a

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great opportunity to inspire students to

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get interested in science and

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they proposed the experiment to ask a

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question form a hypothesis just like

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scientists at universities and academia

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and their experiment is chosen through a

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through a selection process and gets

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loaded onto these Cygnus vehicles and

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and this is I believe the sixth example

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or the sixth Space Flight opportunity

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that ssep has had and of course it's a

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it's a program that is in doing

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partnership to cases which is the Center

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for the Advancement of science and space

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NanoRacks and the National Center for

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Earth and space science education and

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these experiments range in topic from

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plant growth and gravitropism to some

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bacterial activity even a composting

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efficacy experiment and an interesting

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one about tin whisker formation in

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soldering this is applicable to circuit

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board production here on earth so the

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tin whiskers can be a little bit of a

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problem so these students are asking

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well if we do this in weightlessness is

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there an advantage so really interesting

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experiments great program and I sure

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wish that something was around when I

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was in high school I would have loved to

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have done that it's all very exciting we

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will see them coming up on Cygnus

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launching later today lisburn thanks

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very much absolutely thanks Pat dr. Liz